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Microbes · Chapter 11: Specific immunity and vaccines

Year 11 SCX · About 18 minutes with activities · Turn your sound on

Chapter 11 · Specific immunity and vaccines
2019: 2000+ casesmeasles in New Zealand
Babytoo young for MMR
Antigenson the pathogen
B cell receptorseach fits one shape
Clonal expansionrapid mitosis
Plasma cellsantibody factories
Memory cellsremember the antigen
Tips fit one antigen
Agglutinationclumping
Neutralisationblocks entry to cells
Opsonisationtags for phagocytes
First infectionslow, small: you get sick
Second infectionfast, big: memory cells
Last year's flu
New strain
Active immunityyour body makes it
Passive immunityready-made antibodies
Vulnerable peoplecan't be vaccinated
Louis Pasteurpasteurisation
Robert Kochpure cultures

Chapter 11 recap

  • Third line: a matching B cell undergoes clonal expansion (rapid mitosis) into plasma cells, whose antibodies clump, neutralise and tag pathogens, and memory cells, which remember the antigen.
  • Active immunity (infection or vaccination): slow-acting, long-lasting. Passive (breast milk, injected antibodies): fast-acting, short-term. Herd immunity protects the vulnerable; measles needs about 95%.
  • The whole course: microbes carry out MRS GREN, respond to and change their environment, help us (food, decomposers, nutrient cycles) and make us sick (pathogens, resistance, immunity).
  • Next: Revise any chapter from the home page

Why don't you catch measles twice?

Chapter 11 · About 18 minutes · sound on

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